3. Applied Literature
Elmira Bazregarzadeh; Nasser Dasht Peyma; Maghsoud Esmaili Kordlar
Abstract
There have always been many controversies with regards to the existing gaps between human beings and Nature, most of which have come into notice in particular at the current age of fragmentation and uncertainty. While we postmodern individuals take pride in our access to better means of living through ...
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There have always been many controversies with regards to the existing gaps between human beings and Nature, most of which have come into notice in particular at the current age of fragmentation and uncertainty. While we postmodern individuals take pride in our access to better means of living through technological advances, there have been times we have not been able to live a concordant life on this vast planet. However, postmodernism’s backing up the issue of decentralization has come in handy in literary studies on the one hand and has been influential in Nature-oriented studies on the other. That said, the present paper aims to examine the selected poems chosen out of Mary Oliver’s Truro Bear and Other Adventures: Poems and Essays in order to show the significant role of the poetic language in bringing about some sort of ecological symbiosis, made possible through enriching the internal bond between the speaking human agents and non-speaking, non-human individuals.
3. Applied Literature
Mehdi Azari Samani
Abstract
This paper analyses Thomas Pynchon’s V. (1961) in light of two contradictory scientific perspectives and argues that Pynchon uses complex science-based formulations on different semantic levels to give shape to a seemingly shapeless world of uncertainty. V. is considered by many critics a historiographic ...
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This paper analyses Thomas Pynchon’s V. (1961) in light of two contradictory scientific perspectives and argues that Pynchon uses complex science-based formulations on different semantic levels to give shape to a seemingly shapeless world of uncertainty. V. is considered by many critics a historiographic metafiction which evolves through certain new readings of the early 20th century Europe’s colonialism and is given a sense of uncertainty to historical consciousness via Pynchon’s postmodernist style. This paper suggests that though Pynchon uses the techniques (on the syntactical level) which define postmodernism and create a pandemonium of complexity and meaninglessness, he leaves hidden blueprints which give shape and order to the syntactical and semantic chaos created in his works. To achieve this goal, the main methodological focus of the paper would be on Claude. E. Shannon’s (1948) “information theory.”
3. Applied Literature
Sanaz Saei Dibavar; Sara Saei Dibavar
Abstract
This article examines the dual role of the café in instigation, development, and termination of the public display of transgressive desire in Margaret Duras’s (1958) Moderato Cantabile. To approach Duras’s narrative this way, we draw on Michel Foucault’s (1977) theories concerning ...
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This article examines the dual role of the café in instigation, development, and termination of the public display of transgressive desire in Margaret Duras’s (1958) Moderato Cantabile. To approach Duras’s narrative this way, we draw on Michel Foucault’s (1977) theories concerning Panopticon to bring into light the sociallyimposed codes and the method of their implementation. Duras’s mode of expression, we intend to discuss, brings to the reader’s attention the dominance of the silent social gaze in each transgressive scene between the two characters. Despite its laconism, therefore, Moderato Cantabile reveals the omnipresent and active bourgeois codes that are interwoven to the very fabric of the bourgeoisie. The effective operation of these codes, set through discourses of truth and power, is guaranteed through the Panopticon present in public spaces like the café, whose dual nature enables it to allow for manifestation of desire on the one hand, and effective inspection and containment of the situation (by imposing norms) on the other.
3. Applied Literature
Saeid Rahimipour; Mohammad Reza Khodadust
Abstract
Literary works have been interpreted differently depending on the interpreter’s mindset and outlook. This study has launched an attempt to interpret the representation of the “Mocking Bird” in To Kill a Mocking Bird. Initially, a total number of 30 English majors studying at Farhangian ...
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Literary works have been interpreted differently depending on the interpreter’s mindset and outlook. This study has launched an attempt to interpret the representation of the “Mocking Bird” in To Kill a Mocking Bird. Initially, a total number of 30 English majors studying at Farhangian University of Ilam were selected through convenience sampling. They were, then, provided with the PDF version of the novel, and after a few weeks’ interval of reading time, the participants were exposed to the filmed version of the story. Thereafter, using Reader Response Theory, they were asked to write their comments, impressions, and views of whom, which, or what the “mocking bird” of the novel may be. The qualitative/quantitative content analysis of their writings revealed some fascinating interpretations regarding the representation of the “Mocking Bird’s” paragons in the novel. The final part of the paper discusses the findings and their implications which revealed fascinating information in this regard.
3. Applied Literature
Amin Khanbazian; Hossein Sabouri
Abstract
As one of the outstanding works written in the late twentieth century, Paul Auster’sMoon Palace is the extension of the prominent discussion existing in his works,which concerns the issue of identity formation and the characters’ involvement in the expedition toward self-acknowledgment. Looking ...
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As one of the outstanding works written in the late twentieth century, Paul Auster’sMoon Palace is the extension of the prominent discussion existing in his works,which concerns the issue of identity formation and the characters’ involvement in the expedition toward self-acknowledgment. Looking through the life of Marco Fogg as the main character of the novel, it has been desired to outline the existential points of view laid in the novel. Unlike the previously conducted studies, this paper is diverting the central focus of its analysis from the psychosocial perspectives introduced by James Marcia to the existential outlook by providing the notions of critical existential philosophers such as Heidegger and Sartre. Accordingly, the famous theory of identity formation that Marcia established has close parallels with the concepts that Heidegger and Sartre have discussed concerning the human beings who are considered beings-in-the-world, or, as it is called, “dasein.” Throughout this procedure, the main protagonist’s various identity formation phases have been investigated through existential concepts like “thrownness,” “nothingness,” and “bad faith.” And in the end, the outcome of such an analysis is tracking down the latent sides of existential concepts existing in the novel, which have not been the center of focus in previous studies.
3. Applied Literature
Shirzad Tayefi
Abstract
Many experts believe that there are differences between female and male language (speech) and writing. In this article female and male language (speech) in novels, Shabhaye Tehran (Nights of Tehran) written by GhazalehAlizadeh and AzadaraneBayal (Mourners of Bayal) written by Gholam Hossein Saedi, have ...
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Many experts believe that there are differences between female and male language (speech) and writing. In this article female and male language (speech) in novels, Shabhaye Tehran (Nights of Tehran) written by GhazalehAlizadeh and AzadaraneBayal (Mourners of Bayal) written by Gholam Hossein Saedi, have been compared according to Sociolinguistic Theories until the level of author's gender affecting on story language and dimension of author's success to create a proportional language to consubstantial and dissimilar characters is evaluated. For this purpose,female and male language (speech)in grammar was studied according to the below varies; words such as curse words, oath words, color words, and sentences, including modifiers and verifiers. Findings determine that the language has been affected by the author's gender and stereotypes of female language have been repeated with more frequency in these works. Furthermore, according to the mentioned modifiers, it was found that authors could create a proportional language with characters in many ways. In some cases,there is not a proportionality between language and gender,especially in a female character, mostly due to author's spirits and his witting that he has wanted to display women paranormal against the domination of patriarchal society.
3. Applied Literature
Ahad Mehrvand; Tayyebeh Rastegar Naderi
Abstract
Using Du Bois’s “Double Consciousness” and Fanon’s “Colonized Intellectual”, we contend that Borges’s essay “The Nothingness of Personality” can be deemed postcolonial. Our study turns to the postcolonial world of Latin America, with a special focus ...
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Using Du Bois’s “Double Consciousness” and Fanon’s “Colonized Intellectual”, we contend that Borges’s essay “The Nothingness of Personality” can be deemed postcolonial. Our study turns to the postcolonial world of Latin America, with a special focus on Buenos Aires, addressing the alienation, hybridity, “two-ness”, and the othered state of Borges as an immigrant to Latin America after the World War I. “Double Consciousness” is arguably central to the analysis of Borges’s sense of duality in a newly adapted culture with the dilemma whether to behave in accordance with his previously adopted cultural identity, or with a new self in a new culture. Many studies have signified Borges’s attempt to establish the foundation of true Argentinean literature and a revival of cultural heritageک however, there ceases to be a significant study to encompass that Borges is like a “colonized intellectual” who talked back to the center through using the colonizer’s ideology.
3. Applied Literature
Mahdi Javidshad; Bahee Hadaegh
Abstract
One of the parts and parcels of postcolonial literature is to deconstruct the history written by imperialism and to present the one as experienced by the colonized. As victims of British colonialism, Australian Aborigines have always mirrored the historical religious and territorial subjugation of their ...
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One of the parts and parcels of postcolonial literature is to deconstruct the history written by imperialism and to present the one as experienced by the colonized. As victims of British colonialism, Australian Aborigines have always mirrored the historical religious and territorial subjugation of their land in their writings, especially in their dramatic literature because of its high popularity and social impact. Robert Merritt’s The Cake Man is an important dramatic text in Aboriginal literature which explores forced conversion and resistance to it. The play’s reexamination of history as experienced by the colonized makes it a suitable target to study the application of Althusserian philosophy to postcolonial literature. Because of the recurrent exposure of colonial ideology and “ideological state apparatuses” in The Cake Man, it can be concluded that Althusserian theory can be an illuminating background to investigate historical concerns of postcolonial literature.
3. Applied Literature
Nasrin Malekpour; Maghsoud Esmaili Kordlar
Abstract
This paper tries to examine literature as history, with an emphasis on the crucial role of fiction in narrating the marginalized events of history. Some fictions are actual accounts of events in history, and some are reflection of events. Actually, literature and history are integrated to each other, ...
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This paper tries to examine literature as history, with an emphasis on the crucial role of fiction in narrating the marginalized events of history. Some fictions are actual accounts of events in history, and some are reflection of events. Actually, literature and history are integrated to each other, in a way that, pure history which shows us the reality and truth is just a myth. The pens writing history are subjective, and subject to power. During the history power has been a factor to control many things, among them discourse and history. On the other hand, literature is not independent either, and it reflects the hue and colure of its era and history in more than one way. Notwithstanding the genre, the writers who produce literary texts are living in a determined history, in which some events are dominant. In other words, literary texts were written in a context that definitely affected writers’ mind. Twelve Years a Slave is a clear example of literature as a tantamount to history, since it seeks to express the ignored angles of history in literary language. This article examines the inseparability and complementarity of literature and history in Twelve Years of Slave and its film adaptation.
3. Applied Literature
Nazila Heidarzadegan; Zeynep Kurt Yildiz
Abstract
The present paper studies Kitchen Sink Drama and Naturalism to investigate how a cultural movement through which artists like Arnold Wesker, John Osborne, and Shelagh Delaney express their disillusionment during the post-war period representing the reality of their lives via theatre. The period of 1956–1965 ...
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The present paper studies Kitchen Sink Drama and Naturalism to investigate how a cultural movement through which artists like Arnold Wesker, John Osborne, and Shelagh Delaney express their disillusionment during the post-war period representing the reality of their lives via theatre. The period of 1956–1965 can be considered as a period of time identifying post-war British theatre which is related to post-war cultural, social, and political developments. In this period, playwrights take a social stance which reflects daily experiences of workingclass undergoing social and political changes in that time. Following the destructive consequences of the First and Second World Wars social, religious, and political alterations resulted in unemployment, insecurity, and frustration in society, especially among young educated people who returned from the war.The Kitchen Sink Drama is a peculiar type of drama for plays written within the mode of the new wave of British Realism in which plays are staged in domestic settings with a Naturalistic representation of ordinary life.
3. Applied Literature
Ahad Mehrvand; Shiva Talebi Ashtiyani
Abstract
Conrad’s acclaimed works from his middle period have been thoroughly studied from several perspectives including postcolonialism whereas the novels from his early period were overlooked due to their so-called“uneven” quality. The most notable works among Conrad’s early novels ...
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Conrad’s acclaimed works from his middle period have been thoroughly studied from several perspectives including postcolonialism whereas the novels from his early period were overlooked due to their so-called“uneven” quality. The most notable works among Conrad’s early novels are hisLingard Trilogy- three of his early novels which are based on the recurring presence of the Captain Tom Lingard, the protagonist, and therelationship between Westerners and non-Westerners in a contact zone where both cultures meet. A postcolonial study of these novels can reveal Conrad’s attempt to change the binary logic of his time which put the West in a position of power. Postcolonial elements in this trilogy can be studied by using Homi Bhabha’s theories of stereotype, ambivalence, mimicry, hybridity, and othering to substantiate our claim that in Lingard Trilogy, Conrad’s discourse was anti-racist and against the imperial logic of the nineteenth century, since he tried to change it in the Trilogy.
3. Applied Literature
Bahram Behin
Abstract
Applied literature is a term that is the outcome of a need to put literature to tangible uses in the “real” world. A medical practitioner looking for a definition of life, for instance, finds literature a useful source for the answer. With paradigm shifts in scientific studies, interdisciplinarity ...
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Applied literature is a term that is the outcome of a need to put literature to tangible uses in the “real” world. A medical practitioner looking for a definition of life, for instance, finds literature a useful source for the answer. With paradigm shifts in scientific studies, interdisciplinarity has been a method to overcome the alienations that resulted from the isolation of disciplines from one another. Some would go even further to problematize the concept of being solely confined to the limits of disciplines or the textuality of literature because they are still hindrances to coming into direct contact with the “real” world. Arguing that tangible real world should lie at the core of applied literary studies, this paper is an attempt to show how a path may be opened up towards the diverse nature of reality in literary studies through a critical review of relevant aspects of literary theory and by drawing upon studies of cultures.
3. Applied Literature
Moussa Pourya Asl
Abstract
The South Asian American diasporic writer, Jhumpa Lahiri has been widely acclaimed by the first-world intellectuals for her truthful representations of diasporic experience. In recent years, however, some scholars have drawn upon Gayatri Spivak’s notion of “Native Informant” to interrogate ...
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The South Asian American diasporic writer, Jhumpa Lahiri has been widely acclaimed by the first-world intellectuals for her truthful representations of diasporic experience. In recent years, however, some scholars have drawn upon Gayatri Spivak’s notion of “Native Informant” to interrogate the controversial canonization of Lahiri in the West, and point instead to her disavowed participation in the production of favored knowledge. In consideration of the rising incidence of critical controversies in naming the diasporic writer, this article aims to conduct a review of the established literature to synthesize and integrate the copious amount of scholarly insights available on variables related to naming and categorizing. To this end, the corpus of interpretation, criticism and appreciation are surveyed with three questions in mind: What controversial and mixed reactions have Lahiri and her fiction provoked? How much deliberation has been given to interpreting her short stories and novels as works of art, and how much thought has been given to critique or to side issues? This will allow the researcher to track the critical gaze that seemingly produces auras of exoticism and thereby allegedly appropriates the position of the writer as a Native Informant. The study concludes that the major concern of any critical work on Lahiri should not merely be the issues of diasporas and cultural tensions, but facets of the author’s politics of representation.
3. Applied Literature
Hossein Sabouri
Abstract
Identity is seen as a cultural and social construct, which indicates how we have been embodied and how we might represent ourselves. The knowledge that identities are the outputs of discourses is a familiar characteristic of some societal concepts. Gender, as an identity or a sense of our identity we ...
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Identity is seen as a cultural and social construct, which indicates how we have been embodied and how we might represent ourselves. The knowledge that identities are the outputs of discourses is a familiar characteristic of some societal concepts. Gender, as an identity or a sense of our identity we build for ourselves, rather than something we are born with, is a constructed cultural category and is based on power relations and social norms that are part of a social system. Through gender as well as cultural studies, this paper will curiously look at the motion of mobility of self (identity) as it has been constructed in culture. The researcher also wants to note that the discursive practices such as the normal beliefs, social systems, and substantial behaviors of a cultural, religious, or social group view identity not as a kind of recognition with a group having common characteristics but as a construction among hidden cultural, political, and ideological intentions. Therefore, it is said that identity is in process and can be shaped by culture, media, and public opinion.
3. Applied Literature
Nasser Dasht Peyma
Abstract
AbstractThe study of drama is one of the most interesting, thought- provoking and pleasing experiences in the field of English literature, but it seems there are some reasons why it may not look like to be so for some of the students of drama in the context of Iranian universities. It seems, first of ...
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AbstractThe study of drama is one of the most interesting, thought- provoking and pleasing experiences in the field of English literature, but it seems there are some reasons why it may not look like to be so for some of the students of drama in the context of Iranian universities. It seems, first of all, there are some plays which appear baffling when students read them for the first time; secondly, some of expert university teachers follow their fixed sanctified method of drama teaching when they encounter so dissimilar plays. This paper explores innovative and resourceful teaching methods for teaching of drama in the context of Iranian universities. The purpose of this paper is to provide drama teachers with ideas and suggestions for responding to any classic, modern, and postmodern plays that they might encounter as part of the course at university. The present research paper gains significance as the findings may shed more light on groundbreaking and ingenious teaching methods for teaching of drama in the context of Iranian universities. Keywords: drama, drama teaching, ancient Greek drama, medieval drama, Elizabethan and Jacobean drama, modern and postmodern drama
3. Applied Literature
Firouzeh Ameri
Abstract
The field of Applied Literature is concerned with the practical usages of literature, including the potentials of literature to empower and transform individuals. Jungian criticism, with its suggestions of the possibility of individuation and self-actualization in individuals, has been an important source ...
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The field of Applied Literature is concerned with the practical usages of literature, including the potentials of literature to empower and transform individuals. Jungian criticism, with its suggestions of the possibility of individuation and self-actualization in individuals, has been an important source for scholars in the field of Applied Literature for healing. Still, the traditional Jungian approach to literature has been criticized in recent years, especially due to its apparent universalist assumptions and its insensitivity to context-specific issues in texts. For the same reason, New Jungian critics have been recently exploring the possibilities of reconciling Jungian concepts with more context-oriented literary theories. This paper, then, in accordance with this new trend, attempts to do a New Jungian reading of a contemporary postcolonial novel, Sweetness in the Belly, by Camilla Gibb , as a case study, to investigate the potentials within this approach of extension of Jungian ideas and dialogue with other more modern literary theories after poststructuralism. The research benefits from the views of New Jungian critics as well as the theories in relation to the identity issues of migrants. The paper is concluded with the proposition that, as the exploration of this novel testifies, the New Jungian approach as well as the contemporary fiction of identity construction can prove as valid resources for Applied Literature for healing.
3. Applied Literature
Jane Ekstam
Abstract
It is widely acknowledged that emotion is deeply embedded in literary criticism. Even when we aspire to scientific analysis and objectivity, we assume that we share a love of literature. Loving Literature is a deep and fascinating exploration of this important assumption. Literary critics and professors ...
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It is widely acknowledged that emotion is deeply embedded in literary criticism. Even when we aspire to scientific analysis and objectivity, we assume that we share a love of literature. Loving Literature is a deep and fascinating exploration of this important assumption. Literary critics and professors of literature are expected not only to know but also to love their work. In the case of professors, they are also required to transmit this love to their students. Lynch’s study investigates the historical origins of such expectations, and discusses their implications for readers, students and professors. Lynch does not assume that love is necessarily a healthy emotion: it can also be painful. Readers and literary critics forget this at their peril. To understand the role of love in literature, Lynch argues that it is necessary to study the eighteenth century and its ongoing discussions of literary history and the canon. The eighteenth century marked the beginning of English as an academic discipline. Lynch examines not only what early critics knew about literature but also how they felt about it. Only when we know this can we understand how literary studies evolved to its present form.
3. Applied Literature
Taher Ben Khalifa
Abstract
This paper deals with the study of how racist ideologies are constructed in Crane’s “A Dark Brown Dog” using the CDA framework. Benefitting from the approaching between literature and linguistics, it focuses on the linguistic examination of the (re)construction of whiteness and blackness ...
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This paper deals with the study of how racist ideologies are constructed in Crane’s “A Dark Brown Dog” using the CDA framework. Benefitting from the approaching between literature and linguistics, it focuses on the linguistic examination of the (re)construction of whiteness and blackness based on the assumption that racism is: a social, a discursive, and an ideological construct. This tri-dimensional construct is treated within a theoretical triangulation ranging from cognition, society, and discourse. Based on the view of discourse as a process of coding and decoding of meaning, the text of this story is explored at various levels of language use: a) contextual analysis focuses on the study of how the depiction of the setting and the characters serves to draw the scene of racial inequality; b) textual analysis deals with the way narration contributes to the (re)production of racism; and c) identity analysis is devoted to the study of how racial identity evolves across generations. The results showed that: first, the representation of the characters highlights the binary structure of the southern American society marked by the inferiority of the blacks and the superiority of the whites. Second, the way actions and events are narrated reflects the unequal distribution of power between blacks and whites. The existing asymmetry of power is traced in the duality of punishment and obedience. Third, the racist ideologies and race relations evolve across generations depending on: the amalgamations happening at the family level, the evolution of society, and the evolution of its legislations.
3. Applied Literature
Amir Hamed Dolatabadi Farahany; Dr. Mojgan Eyvazi; Dr. Mohsen Momen
Abstract
The present study is conducted to compare 'From 7 o`clock to 9:30' by Abbas Na-albandian and 'Erostratus' by Jean-Paul Sartre based on Bakhtin’s intertextual approach with an eye on Bakhtin’s notion of dialogic imagination. Bakhtin in his approach focuses on the text, rather than the author, ...
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The present study is conducted to compare 'From 7 o`clock to 9:30' by Abbas Na-albandian and 'Erostratus' by Jean-Paul Sartre based on Bakhtin’s intertextual approach with an eye on Bakhtin’s notion of dialogic imagination. Bakhtin in his approach focuses on the text, rather than the author, and that is why the approach is so demanding at present time. Also his dialogism refers to the fact that the various languages which stratify any single language are in dialogue with one another. So that a work of art is in relationship with other works of art. The aim here is to see if there is this kind relationship between the mentioned works which are from two different cultures and languages as the major components of culture, namely Persian and French. The co-relational analysis of the short stories indicates a significant relationship between them in the realms of plot, setting, characteristics, theme, etc. Therefore, the applicability of Bakhtin approach is emphasized through the resulted similarities which do exist in the mentioned works.
3. Applied Literature
Javad Khorsandi
Abstract
Ahmed Saadawi’s third and last novel Frankenstein in Baghdad was originally published in Arabic in 2013 and has since been translated into several languages, including an English translation by Jonathan Wright in 2018. The novel, which won the 2014 International Prize for Arabic Fiction, is a heart-rending ...
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Ahmed Saadawi’s third and last novel Frankenstein in Baghdad was originally published in Arabic in 2013 and has since been translated into several languages, including an English translation by Jonathan Wright in 2018. The novel, which won the 2014 International Prize for Arabic Fiction, is a heart-rending story of a country blighted by an unending cycle of war, violence, and misery. Saadawi’s novel captures the mood of post-war Iraq and provides the readers with one of the most vivid descriptions of mayhem and terror in Middle Eastern literature. The title of the novel is more misleading than clarifying. Apart from a couple of passing references and a superficial similarity in creating a patchwork monster inflicting terror and violence, Saadawi’s novel has almost nothing to do with Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus (1818).
3. Applied Literature
Dr. Jane Mattisson Ekstam
Abstract
My article addresses the qualities of “good” literature and how an understanding of the nature of literary devices, so-called “literariness”, can enhance the reading experience. Focusing on Hans Rosling’s Factfulness (2018), I discuss some of the most important features ...
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My article addresses the qualities of “good” literature and how an understanding of the nature of literary devices, so-called “literariness”, can enhance the reading experience. Focusing on Hans Rosling’s Factfulness (2018), I discuss some of the most important features of good writing. Six literary devices have been selected for special attention: point of view, tone, amplification, anecdotes, flashbacks, and parallelism. Factfulness is not only good writing, it carries an important message: “[w]hen we have a fact-based window, we can see that the world is not as bad as it seems – and we can see what we have to do to keep making it better” (p. 255). Rosling emphasises the importance of knowing the facts about our planet, and relying on these rather than primitive instincts to make assessments and decisions. The elegance of Rosling’s language makes the message not only convincing but also palatable. the importance of knowing the facts about our planet, and relying on these rather than primitive instincts to make assessments and decisions. The elegance of Rosling’s language makes the message not only convincing but also palatable.
3. Applied Literature
Maryam Nobarly; Dr. Nasser Dashtpeyma
Abstract
This article is a comparative study of similar experiences in the American short story collection, Fire and Forget: Short Stories from the Long War edited by Roy Scranton and Matt Ghalagher and the Persian short story collection, A Vital Killing by Ahmad Dehghan as they belong to two different languages, ...
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This article is a comparative study of similar experiences in the American short story collection, Fire and Forget: Short Stories from the Long War edited by Roy Scranton and Matt Ghalagher and the Persian short story collection, A Vital Killing by Ahmad Dehghan as they belong to two different languages, different cultures, and different worldviews. It is an exploration of an overwhelmed psychology in the American short story collection, Fire and Forget: Short Stories from the Long War edited by Roy Scranton and Matt Ghalagher and the Persian short story collection, A Vital Killing by Ahmad Dehghan translated recently into English by Caroline Croskery, and examines the concept of memory within trauma criticism. From amongst the short stores of each collection, three have been selected: “Tips For a Smooth Transition”, “The Train”, and “Big Two-Hearted Hunting Creek” from the first and “The Passenger”, “Stamps”, and “A Vital Killing” from the second. The article shows that characters have undergone traumatic losses; therefore, they suffer a painful psychic traumatic wound that keeps haunting them repeatedly.
3. Applied Literature
Dr. Abolfazl Ramazani
Abstract
Health Humanities written by Paul Crawford, Brian Brown, Charley Baker, Victoria Tischler, and Brian Adams was first published in 2015 by Palgrave Macmillan, UK. The book is a result of many years of experience of work in the field and comes at a right time after the successful organisation of some international ...
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Health Humanities written by Paul Crawford, Brian Brown, Charley Baker, Victoria Tischler, and Brian Adams was first published in 2015 by Palgrave Macmillan, UK. The book is a result of many years of experience of work in the field and comes at a right time after the successful organisation of some international conferences on health humanities by Professor Paul Crawford, et al. in the preceding years. Structurally, it includes the following chapters: 1) “Health Humanities”, 2) “Anthropology and the Study of Culture”, 3) “Applied Literature”, 4) “Narrative and Applied Linguistics”, 5) “Performing Arts and the Aesthetics of Health”, 6) “Visual Art and Transformation”, 7) “Practice Based Evidence: Delivering Humanities into Healthcare”, 8) “Creative Practice as Mutual Recovery”, and finally “Concluding Remarks”. The book also contains, amongst other things, three important entries: “List of Figures and Tables”, “References”, and an “Index”, which add to the attraction of the book and make it an authentic read. In the “Acknowledgements” section of the book, the authors thank many health-related organisations in the UK, specially the Creative Practice as Mutual Recovery consortium for practically helping them with their “Mutual Recovery”, a subject that has duly and frequently been dealt with in chapter eight.
