Journal of Applied Linguistics and Applied Literature: Dynamics and Advances

JALDA

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

About Journal

Aims and Scope

Editorial Board

Publication Ethics

Indexing and Abstracting

Related Links

FAQ

Peer Review Process

Journal Metrics

News

A Study of the Art of Seduction in Richard III: A Baudrillardian Analysis of Shakespeare’s Master Simulator

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Lecturer in English Literature, English Language and Literature Department, Faculty of Humanities, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran, http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0529-5568

2 2Assistant Professor of English Language and Literature, Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Humanities, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3820-1468

Abstract

Shakespeare’s eponymous character’s movement in Richard III towards the peak of power passes through his art of simulation which is induced by seduction and annihilation. Richard’s playacting skills in feigning innocence and brotherhood while hiding villainy along with his persuasive oratory in dismantling others’ suspicions, ultimately leading to numerous murders on his behalf, entangle him in a labyrinth of a hyperreal state of being, in a Baudrillardian sense, from which no escape is possible. Richard III is seduced into a vertiginous power struggle which is but an essential form of reversibility that leads him to his own ruin. In this regard, this paper tries to study Richard III, as a character, in light of the concept of “simulacrum” in Baudrillard’s philosophy to show how he becomes the victim of a self-made loop which leads to his downfall. This study encourages similar investigations to discover hidden layers of meaning in Shakespeare's tragedies, the ones including villains as their protagonists.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

مطالعه‌ای درباره‌ هنر اغوا در نمایشنامه ریچارد سوم: تحلیلی بر شبیه‌سازی استادانه شکسپیر از دیدگاه بودریار

Authors [Persian]

  • لیلا حجاری 1
  • دکتر علی تقی زاده 2

1 دانشجوی دکتری و مربی گروه زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران

2 استادیار زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی، گروه زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

Abstract [Persian]

وقتی واقعیت نمی‌تواند بر محور خود استوار باشد، ممکن است وانموده‌ها جایگزین آن شوند، توهماتی که در گذر زمان انسان را در آنچه ژان بودریار دنیای «فراواقع» می‌نامد، گرفتار می‌کند، دنیایی که فرار از آن عمدتاً غیرممکن است. زمانی که انسان از حس واقعیت تهی شود، به سوی نابودی خود اغوا می‌شود. حرکت شخصیت ریچارد سوم در نمایشنامه‌ای به همین نام از ویلیام شکسپیر به سمت اوج قدرت از هنر وانمودگی او می‌گذرد تا به آنچه در زندگی واقعی نمی‌تواند داشته باشد دست یابد. مهارت‌های بازیگری ریچارد در تظاهر به بی‌گناهی، همزمان با پنهان کردن شرارت خود، فن سخنوری متقاعدکننده‌اش در رفع سوء ظن دیگران، و قتل‌های متعددی که به سمت قدرت انجام می‌دهد او را در هزارتویی فراواقعی گرفتار می‌کند که به تعبیر بودریار هیچ گریزی از آن ممکن نیست. ریچارد سوم در جنگ قدرتی سرگیجه‌آور اغوا می‌شود که او را به ویرانی خویش می‌کشاند. در این راستا، این مقاله تلاش دارد شخصیت ریچارد سوم را در پرتو نظریات بودریار و چگونگی ارائه مفاهیم وانمودگی و اغواگری مورد بررسی قرار دهد تا توضیح دهد که چگونه ضدقهرمان شکسپیر قربانی حلقه‌ای خودساخته از اغوا و فراواقعیت می‌شود که منجر به سقوط او می‌گردد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • اغواگری
  • بودریار
  • ریچارد سوم
  • شبیه‌سازی
  • شکسپیر
References
Baudrillard, J. (1981). For a critique of the political economy of the sign (C. Levin, Trans.). Telos. https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=27D293A229AA8997D3F1D1B9C382AEE9
Baudrillard, J. (1990). Seduction (C.  Turner, Trans.). Macmillan. https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=1425555E97AED3AEE1F509F7C79F9269
Baudrillard, J. (1993). Symbolic exchange and death (I. H. Grant, Trans.). Sage. https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=FC7CC9B8784C7FA5CB9A99ADA9C89E3A
Baudrillard, J. (1994). Simulacra and simulation (S. F. Glaser, Trans.). University of Michigan Press. https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=DBF3E860993373223D72E98FADF0F2DC
Baudrillard, J. (1996). The perfect crime (C.  Turner, Trans.). Verso. https://libgen.is/book/index.php?d5=B1B50979EDB19A5137EEA7995122371D
Baudrillard, J. (1988). The ecstasy of communication (B. Schütze & C. Schütze, Trans.). Semiotext(e). https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=C8C7F3273CE9DC7BBE28EB5FA6FEB2B2
Baudrillard, J. (1999). Impossible exchange (C. Turner, Trans.). Verso.
Baudrillard, J. (2005). The intelligence of evil or the lucidity pact (C. Turner, Trans.). Berg. https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=B63BD35313FBEF79DFBB723AE6501763
Baudrillard, J. (2007). Forget Foucault (N. Dufresne, Trans.). Semiotext(e). https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=9DA4D582B5A77082F6CAF6B599DCA025
Baudrillard, J. (2008). Fatal strategies (P. Bietchman & W. G. J. Niesluchowski, Trans.). Pluto. https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=620A7185A234195EE21479B050146526
Baudrillard, J., & Noailles, E. V. (2007). Exiles from dialogue (C. Turner, Trans.). Polity.
Bundy, M. W. (1924). Shakespeare and Elizabethan psychology. The Journal of English and Germanic Philology, 23(4), 516-549. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27702822?seq=1
Butler, R. (2010). Foucault + dead power. In R. G. Smith (Ed.), The Baudrillard dictionary (pp. 78-80). Edinburgh University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780748642915
Coulter, G. (2010). Reversibility. In R. G. Smith (Ed.), The Baudrillard dictionary (pp. 181-183). Edinburgh University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780748642915
Day, G. M. (1991). 'Determinèd to prove a villain': Theatricality in Richard III. Critical Survey, 3(2), 149-156. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41555575
Doel, M. A. (2010). Seduction. In R. G. Smith (Ed.), The Baudrillard dictionary (pp. 186-189). Edinburgh University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780748642915
Dustagheer, S. (2009). Richard III. In E. Driver, S. Forbes, J. Mapps & M. Trewby (Eds.), The Shakespeare encyclopedia: The complete guide to the man and his works (pp. 52-57). Apple Press.
Gilloch, G. (2010). Double. In R. G. Smith (Ed.), The Baudrillard dictionary (pp. 54-57). Edinburgh University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780748642915
Kencki, P. (2014). The Tempest: Shakespearean simulacra. Pamiętnik Teatralny, 63(3), 36-48. https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=622761
Lane, R. J. (2010). Culture. In R. G. Smith (Ed.), The Baudrillard dictionary (pp. 44-46). Edinburgh University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780748642915
Lobo, A. G. (2013). Seduction as a game of reversals and death. Understanding Jean Baudrillard’s seduction through Patricia Duncker’s hallucinating Foucault. Letras, 53, 157-180. http://doi.org/10.15359/rl.1-53.7  
McMillin, S. (2004). The sharer and his boy: Rehearsing Shakespeare’s women. In P. Holland & S. Orgel (Eds.), From script to stage in early modern England (pp. 231-245). Palgrave Macmillan.
Moulton, I. F. (1996). A monster great deformed: The unruly masculinity of Richard III. Shakespeare Quarterly, 47(3), 251-268. https://doi.org/10.2307/2871377
Muzaffar, M. (2020). Simulation in Shakespeare's plays: Men, women, and power in society. Journal of Gender and Social Issues, 19(1), 45-56. https://jgsi.fjwu.edu.pk/jgsi/article/view/214
Orgel, S. (1996). Impersonations: The performance of gender in Shakespeare’s England. Cambridge University Press.
Pawlett, W. (2010a). Death. In R. G. Smith (Ed.), The Baudrillard dictionary (pp. 46-48). Edinburgh University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780748642915
Pawlett, W. (2010b). Simulacra + simulation. In R. G. Smith (Ed.), The Baudrillard dictionary (pp. 196-198). Edinburgh University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780748642915
Purcell, S. (2018). Are Shakespeare’s plays always metatheatrical? Shakespeare Bulletin, 36(1), 19-35. https://doi.org/10.1353/shb.2018.0002
Richmond, H. M. (Ed.). (1999). Critical essays on Shakespeare’s Richard III. G. K. Hall.
Rossiter, A. P. (1999). ‘Angel with horns’: The unity of Richard III. In H. M. Richmond (Ed.), Critical essays on Shakespeare’s Richard III (129-145). G. K. Hall.
Shakespeare, W. (1993). Macbeth. Dover Publications.
Shakespeare, W. (2005). Richard III. ICON Group International. https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=42E3AACE5070EB64991196EA95281C59
Slotkin, J. E. (2007). Honeyed toads: Sinister aesthetics in Shakespeare's Richard III. Journal for Early Modern Cultural Studies, 7(1), 5-32. https://doi.org/10.1353/jem.2007.0007
Smith, R. G. (Ed.). (2010). The Baudrillard dictionary. Edinburgh University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780748642915
Winer, E., & Simpson, J. (Eds). (1989). The Oxford English dictionary. Oxford University Press.
 
Journal of Applied Linguistics and Applied Literature: Dynamics and Advances
Volume 11, Issue 1 - Serial Number 21
April 2023
Pages 235-249
Files
History
  • Receive Date: 03 January 2023
  • Revise Date: 24 February 2023
  • Accept Date: 28 April 2023
Share
How to cite
Statistics