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Investigating the Effects of Syntactic and Semantic Awareness in the Sentence Comprehension of EFL Learners

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 MA in ELT, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

2 Associate Professor of TEFL, Department of Foreign Languages and Linguistics, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

This study investigated how English semantic and syntactic awareness contribute to the sentence comprehension of beginner, intermediate, and advanced EFL learners. Consequently, 188 Iranian EFL learners were recruited for the study and, pertinent to their English proficiency levels, were divided into three groups. To elucidate the possible contribution of semantic and syntactic awareness for comprehending English sentences, five sets of sentences were constructed controlling the frequency, length and difficulty of their comprising words: 20 syntactically correct / semantically incorrect, 20 syntactically incorrect / semantically correct, 20 syntactically / semantically incorrect, 20 syntactically / semantically correct, and finally 20 Garden-Path sentences (which are both semantically and syntactically correct but difficult to comprehend by the first attempt). With the aid of a software application (Com-Chron) designed specifically for this study on the UX platform, the participants’ comprehension was checked both in terms of their success-rate and their reaction-time. Through a multiple-choice online task, the participants were asked to select the option which showed the correct understanding of the constructed sentence in 30 seconds. Statistical analyses revealed that semantically-incorrect sentences were the most challenging and syntactically-incorrect sentences were the least demanding for the participants of three proficiency levels. The findings affirmed the dominance of semantics over syntax when it came to the comprehension abilities of EFL learners across different English proficiency levels.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

آگاهی معنایی و آگاهی دستوری در درک جملات توسط زبان آموزان انگلیسی

Authors [Persian]

  • محمدرضا خاکسار 1
  • دکتر محمد صابر خاقانی نژاد 2

1 کارشناس ارشد آموزش زبا ن انگلیسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 دانشیار آموزش زبان انگلیسی، گروه زبان‌های خارجی و زبانشناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

Abstract [Persian]

این مطالعه با هدف مقایسه تأثیر دانش نحوی و  دانش معناشناسی در فهم جملات انگلیسی توسط زبان ­آموزان ایرانی در سطوح مختلف انجام شده است. یکصد و نود زبان­ آموز ایرانی از طریق نمونه­ گیری آسان در سه گروه مبتدی، متوسط، و پیشرفته جهت این مطالعه به کار گرفته شدند. جهت انجام مقایسه بین تأثیرات احتمالی دانش نحوی و معناشناسی بین سطوح مختلف زبان آموزان، پنج دسته جمله ساخته شدند: ۲۰ جمله غلط به لحاظ دستوری و درست به لحاظ معنایی، ۲۰ جمله غلط به لحاظ معنایی و درست به لحاظ دستوری، ۲۰ جمله درست هم به لحاظ معنایی وهم به لحاظ دستوری، ۲۰ جمله غلط هم به لحاظ معنایی و هم به لحاظ دستوری، و ۲۰  جمله دیریاب. به منظور بررسی عملکرد شرکت­ کنندگان نرم افزارخاصی به کار گرفته شد که هم تعداد پاسخ­های صحیح و هم مدت زمان پاسخگویی به سوالات را مشخص می­کرد. پس از پردازش داده­ها مشخص شد که جملاتی که به لحاظ معنایی غلط بودند برای شرکت­ کنندگان آزمون سخت­ تر از دیگر جملات بوده است. همچنین یافته­ ها حاکی از آن بود که درک جملات غلط به لحاظ معنایی نسبت به جملات دیریاب دشوار­تر بوده است. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که جملات غلط به لحاظ دستوری و جملات درست به لحاظ معنایی و دستوری آسان­ترین جملات برای درک شرکت کنندگان بوده‌اند. در نهایت با توجه به داده­ها می­توان نتیجه گرفت که جملات غلط به لحاظ معنایی برای زبان­آموزان تمام سطوح سخت­ ترین نوع جملات هستند.

Keywords [Persian]

  • درک جملات انگلیسی
  • آگاهی دستوری
  • آگاهی معنایی
  • جملات دیریاب
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Journal of Applied Linguistics and Applied Literature: Dynamics and Advances
Volume 12, Issue 1 - Serial Number 23
April 2024
Pages 107-128
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  • Receive Date: 20 May 2023
  • Revise Date: 22 July 2023
  • Accept Date: 03 April 2024
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