An Investigation of the Relationships and Order of the Recall/Recognition Knowledge of Vocabulary Acquisition Components in an Iranian EFL Context

Farrokhi, Farahman; Zohrabi, Mohammad; Nourdad, Nava; Bolandnazar, Aysan

doi:10.22049/jalda.2025.30663.1814

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

¹ Professor of Applied Linguistics, Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Persian Literature and Foreign Languages, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

² َAssociate Professor of ELT, Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Persian Literature and Foreign Languages, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

³ Assistant Professor of ELT, Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Persian Literature and Foreign Languages, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

⁴ PhD Candidate in ELT, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22049/jalda.2025.30663.1814

Abstract

Vocabulary is a powerful carrier of meaning in a language, and developing vocabulary knowledge is an essential task in the process of enhancing a foreign language. The current study explores vocabulary knowledge as a multi-component construct by analyzing various vocabulary components’ relationships and acquisition order in an Iranian EFL context. Moreover, this study aims to provide a better conceptualization of EFL vocabulary knowledge. A total of 170 Iranian EFL learners were evaluated using eight vocabulary tests that assessed recall and recognition knowledge of derivatives, form-meaning link, multiple meanings, and collocations, following Nation’s (2022) framework. First, correlational analyses indicated that all measured word knowledge components were interrelated. Moreover, the Implicational Scaling analysis uncovered a uniform trend in vocabulary acquisition for these components, suggesting that recognition knowledge is obtained before recalling knowledge across all aspects. Therefore, the hierarchy pattern indicated that the participants with knowledge of higher aspects are highly likely to know the lower aspects. Furthermore, Confirmatory Factor Analysis indicated that word knowledge in this context can be conceptualized as a unidimensional construct. A comprehensive understanding of the nature of vocabulary knowledge and the interrelationships among its components can provide critical insights into the role of vocabulary acquisition in EFL contexts.

Keywords

Main Subjects

1. Applied Linguistics (Language Teaching and Learning)

Article Title [Persian]

بررسی روابط و ترتیب دانش یادآوری/تشخیص مؤلفه‌های اکتساب واژگان در محیط ایرانی فراگیری زبان انگلیسی

Authors [Persian]

دکتر فرهمن فرخی ¹
دکتر محمد ظهرابی ²
دکتر نوا نورداد ³
آیسان بلندنظر ⁴

¹ استاد زبانشناسی کاربردی، گروه زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی، دانشکده ادبیات فارسی و زبان های خارجی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

² دانشیار آموزش زبان انگلیسی، گروه زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی، دانشکده ادبیات فارسی و زبان های خارجی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

³ استادیار آموزش زبان انگلیسی، گروه زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی، دانشکده ادبیات فارسی و زبان های خارجی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

⁴ دانشجوی دکتری آموزش زبان انگلیسی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

Abstract [Persian]

واژگان حامل قدرتمندی از معنا در یک زبان هستند و توسعه دانش واژگانی بخشی اساسی در فرآیند تقویت هر زبان خارجی به شمار می رود. مطالعه حاضر با تجزیه و تحلیل روابط مؤلفه‌های مختلف واژگان و ترتیب اکتساب آنها در محیط یادگیری زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی در ایران، دانش واژگانی را به عنوان یک سازه چند مؤلفه‌ای بررسی می‌کند. علاوه بر این، هدف این مطالعه ارائه مفهوم‌سازی بهتری از دانش واژگانی زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی است. در مجموع 170 زبان‌آموز ایرانی زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی با استفاده از هشت آزمون واژگانی که دانش یادآوری و تشخیص مشتقات، پیوند صورت-معنا، معانی چندگانه و هم‌آیندها را مطابق با چارچوب نیشن (2022) سنجش می‌کردند، ارزیابی شدند. ابتدا، تحلیل‌های همبستگی نشان داد که همه مؤلفه‌های دانش واژگانی اندازه‌گیری شده به هم مرتبط هستند. علاوه بر این، تحلیل مقیاس‌بندی ضمنی، روند یکنواختی را در اکتساب واژگان برای این مؤلفه‌ها آشکار ساخت که نشان می‌دهد در همه جنبه‌ها دانش تشخیص قبل از یادآوری دانش به دست می‌آید. بنابراین، الگوی سلسله مراتبی نشان داد که شرکت‌کنندگانی که از جنبه‌های بالاتر آگاهی دارند، احتمال بیشتری دارد که از جنبه‌های پایین‌تر نیز آگاهی داشته باشند. علاوه بر این، تحلیل عاملی تأییدی نشان داد که دانش واژگان در این زمینه می‌تواند به عنوان یک سازه تک‌بعدی مفهوم‌سازی شود. درک جامع از ماهیت دانش واژگان و روابط متقابل بین اجزای آن می‌تواند بینش‌های مهمی در مورد نقش اکتساب واژگان در بافت فراگیری زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی ارائه دهد.

Keywords [Persian]

مؤلفه‌های دانش واژگان
یادآوری واژگان
تشخیص واژگان
مقیاس‌بندی ضمنی

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Journal of Applied Linguistics and Applied Literature: Dynamics and Advances

An Investigation of the Relationships and Order of the Recall/Recognition Knowledge of Vocabulary Acquisition Components in an Iranian EFL Context

References

References

Volume 13, Issue 2
October 2025
Pages 1-29

An Investigation of the Relationships and Order of the Recall/Recognition Knowledge of Vocabulary Acquisition Components in an Iranian EFL Context

References

References

Volume 13, Issue 2October 2025Pages 1-29

Volume 13, Issue 2
October 2025
Pages 1-29