“How old were you in 1989?”: TIKKEH as Implicational Language in a Live Broadcasting Show

Mahdavi Nejhad, Mohammad Hossein

doi:10.22049/jalda.2026.31438.1963

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Article

Author

Mohammad Hossein Mahdavi Nejhad

MA in English Language and Literature, Sessional Teacher at Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22049/jalda.2026.31438.1963

Abstract

The phenomenon of implied language is an inherent element of language used in interactions while following certain purposes. The variants of this umbrella term, i.e., insinuation, innuendo, sarcastic language, etc. have more or less been previously discussed by scholars of pragmatics in English language. Such variants of implicatures are also used in Persian under the titles TIKKEH, MATALAK, among others. While previous research on TIKKEH has discussed the underlying components of the term in everyday conversations among Iranian interlocutors, the present article situates the term within a live broadcasting show in Sports Channel in 2020 in Iran, featuring the interview between two hosts and the president of the Football Federation of the Islamic Republic of Iran, as well as the comments of viewers posted on two opinion forums, reacting to the unrestrained use of implied language by the guest. The research corroborates the findings of Tayebi (2018) on TIKKEH, as it is made with the goals of humiliating the addressee, showing off one’s shrewdness, leaving the addressee in an undecided situation, taking pleasure in watching the addressee being hurt, and staining the face of the addressee. My data also revealed that interlocutors at times employ TIKKEH to evade answering questions or to distract their addressees who they find challenging. Furthermore, it is discussed that the president of FFIRI exercises abundant use of implied language to bond with those viewers whose line of thought run contrary to that of IRIB, thus guarantying his truthfulness and commitment.

Keywords

Main Subjects

2. Applied Linguistics (Inspirations from neighbor disciplines)

Article Title [Persian]

”شما چند سالتون بوده ۶۸؟“: تیکه به عنوان زبان ضمنی در یک برنامه پخش زنده

Author [Persian]

محمد حسین مهدوی نژاد

کارشناس ارشد زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی، مدرس مدعو دانشگاه بین المللی امام رضا (ع)، مشهد، ایران

Abstract [Persian]

پدیده زبان ضمنی عنصری ذاتی در زبان است که در تعاملات و با اهدافی مشخص مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد. انواع این اصطلاح فراگیر نظیر کنایه، اشاره، زبان طعنه آمیز و غیره کمابیش قبلا توسط محققان کاربردشناسی در زبان انگلیسی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته اند. چنین انواعی از تلویحات در زبان فارسی نیز تحت عناوین تیکه، متلک و غیره استفاده می شوند. در حالی که طیبی (۲۰۱۸) اجزای اساسی تیکه را در مکالمات روزمره در میان فارسی زبانان بررسی نموده است، مقاله حاضر این پدیده را در یک برنامه تلویزیونی که در سال ١٤٠١ در شبکه ورزش جمهوری اسلامی ایران به صورت زنده پخش شد بررسی می نماید که در آن رئیس فدراسیون فوتبال جمهوری اسلامی ایران، توسط دو مجری مورد مصاحبه قرار می گیرد. از آنجا که مهمان این برنامه با استفاده از تیکه اهدافی نظیر تحقیر مخاطب، نمایاندن زیرکی خود، قرار دادن مخاطب در موقعیتی بلاتکلیف، لذت بردن از تماشای رنج مخاطب و لکه دار کردن چهره مخاطب را دنبال می نماید، مقاله حاضر تاییدی بر یافته های طیبی(۲۰۱۸) می باشد. داده های این تحقیق همچنین بیانگر این امر می باشند که طرفین گفتگو گاها از تیکه برای طفره رفتن در پاسخ به سوالات یا پرت کردن حواس مخاطبان چالش برانگیز استفاده می نمایند. علاوه بر این بحث می شود که مهمان از زبان ضمنی به منظور پیوند با بینندگانی که خط فکری آنان در تضاد با سازمان صدا و سیما می باشد بهره می برد تا صداقت و تعهد خویش را تضمین نماید.

Keywords [Persian]

بی ادبی
زبان ضمنی
تیکه
برنامه های پخش زنده

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“How old were you in 1989?”: TIKKEH as Implicational Language in a Live Broadcasting Show

References

References

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript Available Online from 20 August 2026

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 20 August 2026