3. Applied Literature
Alireza Soleimani; Maghsoud Esmaili Kordlar; Bahloul Salmani
Abstract
Guin’s (1972) The Word for the World Is Forest was written when the social awareness against all forms of dystopian values such as rational dualistic values, patriarchal hierarchy, anthropocentric instrumentality, and all forms of oppression and exploitation was promoted by modern ecological ...
Read More
Guin’s (1972) The Word for the World Is Forest was written when the social awareness against all forms of dystopian values such as rational dualistic values, patriarchal hierarchy, anthropocentric instrumentality, and all forms of oppression and exploitation was promoted by modern ecological movements and the new wave of feminism in the 1960s and 1970s. Guin’s speculative novella challenges the above-mentioned dystopian values and suggests an ecological ethics which include principles such as respect, care, love, mutuality, friendship, interdependency, equality, freedom, solidarity , responsibility, and the interrelationship between man and nature; it recognizes the differences and diversity of all the living and nonliving members of nature. To reach these ethical principles human beings need undergo a fundamental change and transformation in their way of thinking and their belief system all in all, which will result in a healthy society and ecosystem and a better place for life for the members of nature. This paper is a study of such a strategy in Guin’s (1972) The Word for the World Is Forest by benefiting from the theories set forth by ecofeminist philosophers Warren (2000), Plumwood (1993), and Merchant (1990) to show how the writer manifests the patterns of domination and oppression of nature and what kind of ecological ethics are emphasized in order to help man save life on Earth.
3. Applied Literature
Elmira Bazregarzadeh; Nasser Dasht Peyma; Maghsoud Esmaili Kordlar
Abstract
There have always been many controversies with regards to the existing gaps between human beings and Nature, most of which have come into notice in particular at the current age of fragmentation and uncertainty. While we postmodern individuals take pride in our access to better means of living through ...
Read More
There have always been many controversies with regards to the existing gaps between human beings and Nature, most of which have come into notice in particular at the current age of fragmentation and uncertainty. While we postmodern individuals take pride in our access to better means of living through technological advances, there have been times we have not been able to live a concordant life on this vast planet. However, postmodernism’s backing up the issue of decentralization has come in handy in literary studies on the one hand and has been influential in Nature-oriented studies on the other. That said, the present paper aims to examine the selected poems chosen out of Mary Oliver’s Truro Bear and Other Adventures: Poems and Essays in order to show the significant role of the poetic language in bringing about some sort of ecological symbiosis, made possible through enriching the internal bond between the speaking human agents and non-speaking, non-human individuals.
