Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Associate Professor, English Department, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

2 PhD Candidate in TEFL, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

Abstract

Culture is regarded as a part of English language teaching (ELT). Also, ELT textbooks are a main source of intercultural teaching / learning in most English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learning contexts. Thus, representation of cultural content and development of (inter)cultural aspects are important issues in ELT textbooks, particularly in EFL contexts. This study analyzed the representation of culture in the Vision series, a recently developed ELT series used nationwide in Iranian high schools, and examined how multimodality in these local textbooks would provide context to develop (inter)cultural aspects. To collect the data, an adapted version of Cortazzi and Jin’s (1999) classification of culture (source, target, international, and globally-shared) was used to analyze the content of the Vision series to see which culture was reflected in these high school textbooks. Additionally, the Wenninger and Kiss’s (2013) semiotic framework was used to examine how multimodality would serve cultural contents through analyzing image-text relationship. The content analysis demonstrated the domination of source (i.e., Iranian) and globally-shared cultural elements with less attention to the target and international cultures. Furthermore, the results showed that multimodality in these textbooks could provide the opportunity for critical cultural reflection, though it was limited to source and globally-shared cultures. By implication, ELT material developers in Iran should incorporate more appropriate materials and culturally engaging visuals associated with diverse cultures into local ELT textbooks to promote Iranian EFL students’ cultural reflection, and, subsequently, their intercultural competence.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

تحلیل فرهنگ و محتوای چندنمایی در مجموعه کتاب‌های بومی آموزش انگلیسی

Authors [Persian]

  • دکتر علی روحانی 1
  • محسن حسینی 2

1 دانشیارگروه زبان انگلیسی- دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی - دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتر آموزش زبان انگلیسی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

Abstract [Persian]

فرهنگ به عنوان بخشی از آموزش زبان انگلیسی در نظر گرفته می­شود. علاوه­بر­این، کتاب­های آموزش زبان انگلیسی از منابع اصلی آموزش و یادگیری بین­­فرهنگی در بیشتر محیط­های یادگیری زبان انگلیسی به عنوان یک زبان خارجی هستند. بنابراین، ارائه محتوای فرهنگی و توسعه جنبه­های بین­­فرهنگی موضوعات مهمی در کتاب­های آموزش زبان انگلیسی، به خصوص در آموزش زبان خارجی هستند. پژوهش حاضر، نمود فرهنگ را در کتاب­های ویژن بررسی می­نماید که به تازگی منتشر ­شده و در دبیرستان­های ایران تدریس می­گردد. همچنین، این مساله که چگونه محتوای چند­نمایی این کتاب­های بومی بافت لازم را برای توسعه جنبه­ های بین فرهنگی فراهم کند، بررسی می­شود. از طبقه­ بندی انطباق­یافته کورتازی و جین (1999)  در رابطه با انواع فرهنگ­ها (مبدا، هدف، بین المللی، و مشترک جهانی) برای تحلیل محتوا استفاده شد تا مشخص شود کدام فرهنگ­ در این کتاب­ها انعکاس یافته ­است. همچنین، از مدل تحلیلی نشانه­شناسی کیس و ونینگر (2013)  برای بررسی رابطه بین عکس-متن استفاده شد تا بررسی شود که چگونه محتوای چندنمایی به محتوای فرهنگی این کتاب­ها کمک کند. تحلیل محتوای این کتاب­ها نشان داد که فرهنگ مبدا و فرهنگ مشترک جهانی بیشترین نمود را داشته ­اند و به فرهنگ­های هدف و بین ­المللی توجه کمتری شده است. همچنین، منابع چند­نمایی می­تواند زمینه لازم را برای تعمق فرهنگی و انتقادی فراهم کند، اگرچه فقط به فرهنگ مبدا و مشترک جهانی در این کتاب­ها محدود شدند. نتایج تحقیق حاکی از آن است که تهیه کنندگان مواد درسی آموزش زبان انگلیسی در ایران بایست مواد درسی بیشتر و مناسب و تصاویر جذاب فرهنگی را که در ارتباط با فرهنگ­های گوناگون می­باشد در کتاب­های آموزشی زبان بومی استفاده نمایند، تا تعمق ­فرهنگی و در نتیجه توانش بین­فرهنگی زبان آموزان انگلیسی در ایران را ارتقا بخشند.

Keywords [Persian]

  • فرهنگ
  • کتاب های آموزش زبان انگلیسی
  • توانش بین فرهنگی
  • کتاب های ویژن
  • نشانه شناسی
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