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A Study of the Art of Seduction in Richard III: A Baudrillardian Analysis of Shakespeare’s Master Simulator

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Lecturer in English Literature, English Language and Literature Department, Faculty of Humanities, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran, http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0529-5568

2 2Assistant Professor of English Language and Literature, Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Humanities, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3820-1468

Abstract

Shakespeare’s eponymous character’s movement in Richard III towards the peak of power passes through his art of simulation which is induced by seduction and annihilation. Richard’s playacting skills in feigning innocence and brotherhood while hiding villainy along with his persuasive oratory in dismantling others’ suspicions, ultimately leading to numerous murders on his behalf, entangle him in a labyrinth of a hyperreal state of being, in a Baudrillardian sense, from which no escape is possible. Richard III is seduced into a vertiginous power struggle which is but an essential form of reversibility that leads him to his own ruin. In this regard, this paper tries to study Richard III, as a character, in light of the concept of “simulacrum” in Baudrillard’s philosophy to show how he becomes the victim of a self-made loop which leads to his downfall. This study encourages similar investigations to discover hidden layers of meaning in Shakespeare's tragedies, the ones including villains as their protagonists.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

مطالعه‌ای درباره‌ هنر اغوا در نمایشنامه ریچارد سوم: تحلیلی بر شبیه‌سازی استادانه شکسپیر از دیدگاه بودریار

Authors [Persian]

  • لیلا حجاری 1
  • دکتر علی تقی زاده 2

1 دانشجوی دکتری و مربی گروه زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران

2 استادیار زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی، گروه زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

Abstract [Persian]

وقتی واقعیت نمی‌تواند بر محور خود استوار باشد، ممکن است وانموده‌ها جایگزین آن شوند، توهماتی که در گذر زمان انسان را در آنچه ژان بودریار دنیای «فراواقع» می‌نامد، گرفتار می‌کند، دنیایی که فرار از آن عمدتاً غیرممکن است. زمانی که انسان از حس واقعیت تهی شود، به سوی نابودی خود اغوا می‌شود. حرکت شخصیت ریچارد سوم در نمایشنامه‌ای به همین نام از ویلیام شکسپیر به سمت اوج قدرت از هنر وانمودگی او می‌گذرد تا به آنچه در زندگی واقعی نمی‌تواند داشته باشد دست یابد. مهارت‌های بازیگری ریچارد در تظاهر به بی‌گناهی، همزمان با پنهان کردن شرارت خود، فن سخنوری متقاعدکننده‌اش در رفع سوء ظن دیگران، و قتل‌های متعددی که به سمت قدرت انجام می‌دهد او را در هزارتویی فراواقعی گرفتار می‌کند که به تعبیر بودریار هیچ گریزی از آن ممکن نیست. ریچارد سوم در جنگ قدرتی سرگیجه‌آور اغوا می‌شود که او را به ویرانی خویش می‌کشاند. در این راستا، این مقاله تلاش دارد شخصیت ریچارد سوم را در پرتو نظریات بودریار و چگونگی ارائه مفاهیم وانمودگی و اغواگری مورد بررسی قرار دهد تا توضیح دهد که چگونه ضدقهرمان شکسپیر قربانی حلقه‌ای خودساخته از اغوا و فراواقعیت می‌شود که منجر به سقوط او می‌گردد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • اغواگری
  • بودریار
  • ریچارد سوم
  • شبیه‌سازی
  • شکسپیر
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Journal of Applied Linguistics and Applied Literature: Dynamics and Advances
Volume 11, Issue 1
June 2023
Pages 235-249
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History
  • Receive Date: 03 January 2023
  • Revise Date: 24 February 2023
  • Accept Date: 28 April 2023
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